Science is a Knowledge of systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form explanation that can be tested and also predictions about the Universe which Is known as Astronomy
A few days ago, astronomers presented to the world a wonderful and amazing picture of the action disk around another black hole.
 |
| Picture 1 |
Search For The Black Hole:
Earlier in 2019, a picture of a distant black hole was unveiled. This time the experts caught a supermassive black hole in their galaxy called Sgr A. This is another image of a black hole. It was also created in collaboration with the Horizon Telescope (EHT) Network, the first black hole imaging event. Data collected for its photography was collected in 2017. And the picture was released in 2022. The reason for this delay is that this type of astronomy is very difficult, very difficult. It took 5 years to get a final picture from the data received. More than 300 expert and talented researchers from 80 institutions around the world worked hard for 5 years on the data obtained in the effort to create its image. And the effort to get this data is a different story.
.. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Interferometry:
Experts use various tricks to discover such hidden or tangled objects which are called "interferometry" in astronomical language. They have developed a telescope capable of seeing and photographing such objects during previous black hole photography. The diameter of the telescope needed to photograph a black hole should be equal to the diameter of the planet Earth. It wasn't possible, but experts used the same technique to solve it in the form of an imaginary telescope. It was named the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). A network of telescopes was spread all over the world to create this imaginary (virtual) telescope, and with this virtual telescope, the same work was done to give a telescope as big as the earth. The experts then managed to transfer all the observation data of the EHT network to one central location.
During the initial observations, the experts realized that they could not receive the data that a telescope as large as a planet Earth should have received because of the photons that hit the ground between the telescopes. So you can't come into the analysis. This error was then partially overcome by increasing the number of binoculars in the network after hours of observation. According to this technique, the higher the number of binoculars ... The more area covered and more data is received, the better the resolution of the images.
Another thing that was in favor of the researchers was the natural rotation of the earth. Which was causing an increase in observations.
Data Analyzing and Processing :
Interferometers also require a large amount of data processing, as astronomers have to connect all the individual data streams from each telescope together. Data for most interferometers, such as "Very Large Array in New Mexico or Atacama Large Millimeter / Sub-Millimeter Array in Chile" are obtained by connecting the telescopes to the physical cables in a central processing carrier. But for a globally spread interferometer like EHT, such a wide-wired approach was not possible. That's why they made it possible to retrieve data without any physical cables.
 |
| Picture 2 |
Every bit of data obtained from binoculars installed in North America, South America, Europe, and Antarctica without any physical cable was recorded during the observation. Data was sampled 64 billion times per second. Each observation race really produced a lot of data. The team stored the data from each telescope on a set of hard drives, after which they were physically transferred to the MIT Haystack Observatory and Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy for processing.
.. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Compared to taking pictures of previous black holes, Photographing this supermassive black hole on the Milky Way was a huge challenge. It was as difficult a task as putting a donut, a cricket ball, or a ring on the moon.
Because......
The central black hole is about 26,000 light-years from Earth, and its observations include dense areas filled with stars, dust, light, and gases. Interstellar dust particles, which were greatly interfering with EHT observations, were exposing the radio waves emitted from SGR A to a large area of space, giving a very large view of the actual volume of the black hole. And this dusty small and big random cluster was showing spots that were not part of the black hole system at all. You must have guessed that.
Presented in 2019 *M 87 Black hole photography was very easy and taking a picture of your home black hole was a huge challenge. The team developed various models to overcome these shortcomings while spreading the word. The details of each of their efforts are enough to compile a whole book. Even while stating specific points, writing becomes the devil's gut.
Let's move on.. .. .. .. .. ...
The researchers had great difficulty in calculating the gases around Sgr A using the latest tools, while the M87 was a simple and stable target with almost identical images obtained. And in the case of Sgr A, that was not the case.
 |
| Picture 3 |
In addition to testing complex tools, experts also used supercomputers to analyze all shared data. An excellent library of simulated black holes was also compiled to compare observations. Finally, after 5 years of hard work, the final concept was achieved ...
Expert's Opinion and Results:
The two black holes look-alike in the images taken, although the Milky Way's black hole is a thousand times smaller in size and mass than this black hole. The main reason for this may be distance. M87 black hole is farther away from us than SGRA.
Sera Markoff, a professor of theoretical astrophysics, who is part of the EHT team, says we have visual evidence of two different-sized black holes in two different galaxies, but surprisingly they look alike on their edges. Their observations tell us how much they seem to agree with the theory of general relativity. If there is a difference between them, it should be because of the lack of material around them.
Another astronomer on the team, Chi-Kwan Chan of the Steward Observatory, explains that gases move around each black hole at about the same speed, almost at the speed of light. Whereas gas takes days to complete one cycle around M87, gas completes one cycle in a few minutes of small Sgr A. Therefore, the brightness and pattern of gas around it changes very fast. It seemed a bit difficult to observe, like trying to get a clear picture of a puppy with a dog that is rapidly chasing its tail.
...
Experts are excited that they now have images of two different-sized black holes. Further progress is being made to understand these wonders. Experts have begun to develop new theoretical models in light of the research so far. Attempts are being made to find out how gases behave around black holes, although this process is not yet fully understood, they believe that this process plays a key role in the formation and evolution of galaxies.
 |
| Picture 4 |
Experts hope that in the near future, with the addition of more binoculars to the EHT partnership, as well as enhancing the technical quality of this network, it will be possible to take better pictures of black holes and make videos.
Picture 1:
A picture of a black hole of Milky Way, shown as an inset
Second picture:
Using ray-tracing and Einstein's Theory of General Relativity, the EHT team created several images of the supermassive black hole of the Milky Way to see what it might look like.
Third image:
Thousands of images were clustered into 4 groups according to different features using different computational.
In the first three clusters, the structure of the action disk is displayed with different brightness by combining thousands of images.
The fourth cluster is data-based and a collection of hundreds of images. It does not show the action disk. Bar graphs show the coordinated number of images belonging to each cluster
Fourth picture:
The final unveiled image of the supermassive black hole of the Milky Way.
No comments:
Post a Comment