Science

The term “science” was coined in 1881 by G W Bushnell, a physicist from England and the founder of the first Anglo-American laboratory in Edinburgh, Scotland. Today the term is used to denote an approach to understanding the natural world that uses formal approaches and rigorous methods to test hypotheses. For one to be considered a scientist, they must have at least the following characteristics;

A scientific mind, A knowledge base, A method of research, logical reasoning, and the ability to use data, and evidence to explain a new or existing phenomenon with generalizations Can model and predict complex systems.

Science has many different types such as Physics, Biology, Mathematics, Engineering Chemistry, Medicine, Medicine Research, Technology, Computer science, Information technology, Robotics, etc. Each type possesses its own field of study, but are all interrelated under the umbrella of Science, and most important physics. Here we discuss various aspects of each field to understand how science impacts our lives today.

Physics

The fundamental laws of physics: Gravity, Electromagnetism, Relativity, and Virtual Reality. Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity, relativity, light speed, and Time travel.

Engineering

Scientists create machines, materials, devices, and instruments by manipulating material, forces, energy, etc. They investigate forces, electromagnetism, magnetic field, electricity, etc.

Medicine

The science and engineering that aids healthcare, such as antibiotics, biostatistics, nanotechnology, genetics, immunology, medical devices, etc.

Technology

Computer programming, information theory, design, computer science.

The invention, inventions like GPS, mobile phones, Wi-Fi, cell phones, and wireless internet access points.

Bionics

Biophysics is the application of the principles of biochemistry and molecular biology to understand living things. This includes biological properties, such as enzyme reactions, gene expression, RNA interference, protein function, protein structures, protein folding, etc. It also takes into account differences between cells and organisms. Bio civic and bioethics.

Nanotechnology (Nano)

Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter at an atomic scale. Nanoscientists study biomolecules, Nanobodies, and biological molecules in smaller sizes.

Biology

Biology is the study of living species. Biologists look at genes in DNA, proteins in proteins, chromosomes in chromosome studies, genomics in sequencing, structure, behavior, etc.

Molecular Biology

Molecules are made up of atoms. Molecular biologists can take a view through their microscopes to see the molecular details and processes. The goal is to discover why the molecules behave the way they do.

Organisms

The study of organisms is called Evolutionary biology. For example, if you want to know the origin of life on Earth, you would need to find out what proteins came from. Scientists want to understand how life emerged.

Sciences

Science is defined as using quantitative methods to gather facts about a subject including observation, experiments, measurement, inference, and predictions. This can be applied to every field of human endeavor, including mathematics, chemistry, geography, astronomy, geology, biology, medicine, etc. Scientific theories, models, and methods provide insights into the nature of the natural world. These theories offer explanations of the real world.

History of Science

The history of this discipline goes back hundreds of years right up to when Ancient Greece discovered algebra. I will not go too much deeper into it because I feel it is beyond this blog post, nevertheless, the basic idea of numbers is embedded in Ancient Greek geometry and is one example of classical math. Around 300 BC mathematicians invented trigonometry and then around 100 BC was discovered differential calculus and then developed it further along.

Atlas Mountains - Greek Civilization - 2nd AD - 6th A.D. Greek

Aristotle - The Father of Western Philosophy. He thought about logic in a more metaphysical sense. Aristotle was born in Athens around 500 BC.

Pythagoras - Pythia is a Latin word meaning “square". Pythagoras was an ancient Greek mathematician. He lived at around 450 BC and died in 461 BC.

The greatest contribution by Euclid was his theorem, Euclid's theorem, which proved that no two points could be joined together in space by a straight line.

Around 700 BC Descartes wrote the De Minaurian duality and around 400 BC Ibn al-Jafri wrote the Kitab Niyazil Abu Al-Ajala, which described geometric transformations on two planes called "convex and concave" and was published in 1504.

This marked the start of modern Geometric Science, later leading to the famous Principia Mathematica as well. The second-century brought another great mathematician, Justinus Copernicus. At some point, he asked himself Why does the Sun move around? And it didn't happen at random. He reasoned that it must be caused by moving parts of the larger sun. His ideas were accepted by the church. Galileo first proposed a heliocentric solar system around 1600 BC.

The 19th Century saw other developments, notably in chemistry, that changed the landscape of scientific thought. There were several big discoveries by Wilhelm Roentgen, Robert Boyle, J.W. Thompson, Albert Einstein, Sir Humphry Davy, and Fritz Zwinger. The 20th Century brought the greatest industrial breakthrough by William Dillington Roussel, Henry Ford, Martin Ford, John Wayne Ford, Robert Fleming, Arthur Samuel Ford, Fredrick Winslow Taylor, etc.

20th Century Modern era: World War II, Cold War

The 21st Century ushered in the Age of Artificial Intelligence where computers began taking over most thinking and decision-making. Machine Learning enabled robots in a warehouse to learn from human input and make decisions on their own, so robots don't get tired and forget what they were programmed to do. Machine learning is increasingly being used in self-driving cars, security systems, customer care, military applications, etc.

The Future of Science

I see science advancing rapidly. I see robots and machines taking our jobs as doctors, teachers, architects, etc. Where some people are afraid to work due to robots getting better and quicker at doing everything, other people are scared of doing anything because they fear robots getting smarter than them.

I believe there needs to be a balance in how we deal with AI. I believe that we need to become more aware of reality and not let ourselves get complacent. We also need to encourage young people to pursue their dreams. Also, it will be very difficult to have any kind of meaningful long-term job/career without having taken science courses. So I think we should promote these programs for everyone who wants to work in STEM at universities