DARK MATTER

 DARK MATTER

(A mysterious and invisible reality)

Science is just getting acquainted with the alphabet of the universe ... Despite all this research, science seems utterly helpless in many cosmic matters

Suffice it to say that 95% of the known universe is hidden by human eyes and binoculars.

Yes, the known universe which is not estimated at all is one percent of the total universe or not ...

 In the known universe, only 5% of the visible objects are visible. The remaining 95% of the known universe is hidden from our eyes.

And what about the parts of the universe that are not visible? Are there any such star planets?

Do the same laws of physics work there? Are the same forces at work there too?

At present no one has the answers to these questions.

About 5% of the known universe consists of matter, stars, planets, dust, gases, and other small and large celestial bodies.

 And the remaining 95% surrounds the universe in the form of dark energy and dark matter. And right now science doesn't have the tools to look at them directly.

They can only be felt by their effects ...

These two mysterious and invisible cosmic realities have confused astronomers a lot.

Here is a brief summary of today's Turkish posts.

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Astronomer Vera Rubin made the amazing discovery of dark matter in the late 1970s.

She was observing how galaxies spin.

It noted the bizarre rotation of our neighboring galaxy Andromeda (a vast and spiral galaxy) that was clearly violating the laws of Kepler and Newton.

He saw that matter near the edges of the galaxy was moving at the same speed as matter near the center.

 Most of the material was concentrated in the central areas

The presence of an invisible object was also felt intensely in the observations, which was moving around the central black holding the galactic matter to the edges.

After observing the effects of this invisible object for some time, Vera finally discovered that there is a huge halo of this invisible object in the galaxy, much larger than the visible matter.

This invisible thing (the invisible thing) was called the Dark Matter.

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First picture:

A very detailed picture of our neighbor the vast spiral galaxy Andromeda

Which has 1000 billion stars and thousands of star clusters

Areas filled with stars and gases spread out from the central ridge to the outer edges with an unbreakable continuity. Such a large, stable structure can certainly be seen as the work of an invisible object

Image Credit: NASA / ESA & Colleges

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Almost half a century has passed ... Despite his tireless efforts, he could not unravel the mystery of what dark matter is like.

 This is 68% of the known universe. According to some experts, it contains 84% ​​of the total mass of dark matter.

In addition to pairing these galaxy and cosmic structures in their respective shapes ... The movements of the stars, and the stability of the galaxies, show their profound effects on the collision of the galaxies.

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Some of the finest indirect observational evidence for dark matter is found in the Galaxy Cluster 1E 0657 556, also known as the Bullet Cluster.

This cluster was formed as a result of the collision of two large galaxy clusters.

This is the biggest known energy event since the Big Bang

During this great collision, the main components of the two clusters (stars, dust, gas, and dark matter with the most significant amount) behaved differently.

Researchers studied their behavior separately.

The apparent matter of clusters (consisting of stars) that Hubble and Magellan's telescopes saw in visible light that was not much affected by the collision passed right and left of each other.

The rest of this apparent substance, which was composed of hot gases, was observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory at X-ray waves.

Since gas interacts electromagnetically ... Therefore, the gases of both the clusters became slower than the stars and lagged behind the stars.

And the third most abundant element in this collision, the invisible matter, the dark matter, was also observed in absentia in the form of the effects of gravity.

Dark meters are not electromagnetically affected, nor do they reflect light

It slips silently between the two clusters and leaves behind gas (mostly visible matter) like stars.

During all observations, the lensing of gravity remained with the invisible object (dark meter) and not the gases.

This would not be the case if the outer matter clusters contained more than the dark matter. It would have been different ...

These observations seem to provide direct evidence of the dark matter

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Second picture:

A pictorial description of this collision

The hot gas image observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory appears as two pink clumps (consisting mostly of normal and foreign matter) in the image, in the form of a bullet visible on the right. Gas released from one of the clump colliding clusters

Passed through

An optical image from data from the Hubble and Magellan telescopes shows galaxies in orange and white.

And the blue area in the picture is where astronomers found the most concentrated matter

And in the cluster, most of this matter (blue) seems to give direct evidence of a dark matter, quite different from ordinary matter.

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Understanding dark matter is essential to understanding the size, shape, and future of the universe. The amount of dark matter in the universe will determine whether the universe is open (ie will continue to expand indefinitely), closed (the universe will expand to a point and then collapse), or flat (ie expanding). Will reach an equilibrium.

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